luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 4 2026 · September 26, 2026

Missouri at Mississippi State, Week 4 2026: who deserved to win?

Mississippi State beat Missouri 31–24, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Mississippi State wins 9 of 10.

An off day for Missouri: its defense played far below its usual level. In a fresh game against Mississippi State it would win 44% of the time; with this day’s form, 5%. The numbers

Before kickoff Mississippi State was a 59% favorite. The biggest swing (Q4, 3:57 left): Mississippi State converted 3rd & 8, worth 12 points of win probability to Mississippi State.

Final

Missouri Tigers 24
Mississippi State Bulldogs 31

September 26, 2026 · Davis Wade Stadium · Closing line: Mississippi State −3.5

Luck index +5 Mississippi State about even · −5 Missouri

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Missouri wins 1, Mississippi State wins 9.

  1. 1 MIZ 27 MSST 21
  2. 2 MIZ 17 MSST 21
  3. 3 MIZ 31 MSST 38
  4. 4 MIZ 30 MSST 42
  5. 5 MIZ 7 MSST 23
  6. 6 MIZ 20 MSST 40
  7. 7 MIZ 14 MSST 37
  8. 8 MIZ 16 MSST 42
  9. 9 MIZ 16 MSST 47
  10. 10 MIZ 14 MSST 56

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

An off day for Missouri

Its defense played far below its usual level. In a fresh game against Mississippi State it would win 44% of the time; with this day’s form, 5%.

38 points apart for Missouri: the gap is how differently this game went from what the two teams usually are.

UnitThis gameUsual levelBetter or worse than usual
Missouri offenseEPA per play gained +0.15 +0.08 better by 0.07
Missouri defenseEPA per play allowed +0.20 +0.04 worse by 0.16
Mississippi State offenseEPA per play gained +0.20 +0.10 better by 0.10
Mississippi State defenseEPA per play allowed +0.15 +0.08 worse by 0.07

EPA (expected points added) per play on competitive snaps, turnovers left out because they are valued as luck. Usual level: the team’s earlier games this season plus half of last season, pulled toward the league average. One team’s defense and the other team’s offense are the same snaps, so one game can’t fully say whose day it was; it shows how far this one was from both teams’ norms.

How 4,000 replays ended

Missouri wins 5% of them, Mississippi State 95%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Mississippi State by 7.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Missouri by 17+0.3%
Missouri by 9–160.9%
Missouri by 1–83.8%
Level after regulation0.8%
Mississippi State by 1–810.3%
Mississippi State by 9–1617.7%
Mississippi State by 17+66.1%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +4.7 points to Mississippi State: the final margin was Mississippi State by 7, without the luck Mississippi State by 2.3. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • B. Craig, 52 yds missed · 51% expected
  • B. Craig, 35 yds made · 81% expected
  • K. Ferrie, 28 yds made · 91% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Missouri 7 for 76 yards, Mississippi State 8 for 84 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 10:51 Holding on Missouri, 10 yards +3% MSST +1.2 pts
Q1 7:36 Personal Foul on Mississippi State, 15 yards +3% MIZ +1.6 pts
Q2 11:58 Pass Interference on Mississippi State, 3 yards, wiping out the play +1% MIZ +0.7 pts
Q2 10:44 Personal Foul on Mississippi State, 15 yards +3% MIZ +1.6 pts
Q2 9:49 Holding on Missouri, 10 yards +3% MSST +2.0 pts
Q2 7:23 Holding on Missouri, 10 yards +3% MSST +1.6 pts
Q2 5:19 Holding on Missouri, 10 yards +4% MSST +1.8 pts
Q2 4:01 Personal Foul on Mississippi State, 14 yards +2% MIZ +0.9 pts
Q2 1:24 Personal Foul on Missouri, 15 yards +4% MSST +1.6 pts
Q3 8:30 Holding on Mississippi State, 10 yards +4% MIZ +1.3 pts
Q3 3:54 Face Mask on Mississippi State, 15 yards +6% MIZ +1.6 pts
Q4 15:00 Holding on Missouri, 10 yards +2% MSST +0.9 pts
Q4 9:52 False Start on Mississippi State, 5 yards · pre-snap +4% MIZ +0.8 pts
Q4 5:41 Holding on Mississippi State, 7 yards +5% MIZ +0.8 pts
Q4 0:34 Holding on Missouri, 11 yards +11% MSST +2.4 pts

When it happened

Mississippi State’s chance of winning

As low as 20% and as high as 100%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Mississippi State was ahead in it, below while Missouri was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q2 6:09 Missouri converted 3rd & 93rd & 4th downs · 26% expected +7% MIZ MIZ: Punt
2 Q3 2:53 Missouri converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 38% expected +9% MIZ MIZ: Punt
3 Q4 10:26 Mississippi State converted 3rd & 93rd & 4th downs · 31% expected +9% MSST MSST: Touchdown
4 Q4 7:39 Mississippi State converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 71% expected +8% MSST MSST: Touchdown
5 Q4 5:54 Missouri was stopped on 3rd & 43rd & 4th downs · 51% expected +10% MSST MIZ: Punt
6 Q4 3:57 Mississippi State converted 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 34% expected +12% MSST MSST: Punt
7 Q4 1:14 Missouri was stopped on 4th & 33rd & 4th downs · 57% expected +8% MSST MIZ: End of game
8 Q4 0:34 Holding on Missouri, 11 yardsJudgment calls +11% MSST –

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Missouri 34% · Mississippi State 66%

Final margin
Mississippi State by 7
Luck in points
4.7 for Mississippi State
Luck-adjusted margin
Mississippi State by 2.3
Replay with same day's form
Missouri 5% · Mississippi State 95% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 4 2026 games · Missouri · Mississippi State

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