luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 1 2026 · August 29, 2026

Sacramento State at Eastern Michigan, Week 1 2026: who deserved to win?

Eastern Michigan beat Sacramento State 28–17, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Eastern Michigan wins 10 of 10.

Before kickoff Eastern Michigan was a 73% favorite. The biggest swing (Q2, 0:54 left): Return touchdown by Sacramento State, worth 9 points of win probability to Sacramento State.

Final

Sacramento State Hornets 17
Eastern Michigan Eagles 28

August 29, 2026 · Rynearson Stadium · Closing line: Eastern Michigan −9.5

Luck index +4 Eastern Michigan about even · −4 Sacramento State

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Sacramento State wins 0, Eastern Michigan wins 10.

  1. 1 SAC 17 EMU 21
  2. 2 SAC 3 EMU 13
  3. 3 SAC 10 EMU 24
  4. 4 SAC 0 EMU 17
  5. 5 SAC 3 EMU 23
  6. 6 SAC 0 EMU 21
  7. 7 SAC 16 EMU 41
  8. 8 SAC 3 EMU 31
  9. 9 SAC 0 EMU 33
  10. 10 SAC 0 EMU 41

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Sacramento State wins 4% of them, Eastern Michigan 96%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Eastern Michigan by 11.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Sacramento State by 17+0.1%
Sacramento State by 9–160.9%
Sacramento State by 1–82.8%
Level after regulation0.5%
Eastern Michigan by 1–88.7%
Eastern Michigan by 9–1615.0%
Eastern Michigan by 17+72.0%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +1.7 points to Eastern Michigan: the final margin was Eastern Michigan by 11, without the luck Eastern Michigan by 9.3. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • G. Meadors, 40 yds made · 72% expected
  • R. Kessinger, 28 yds missed · 89% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Sacramento State 11 for 95 yards, Eastern Michigan 4 for 29 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 14:56 False Start on Eastern Michigan, 4 yards · pre-snap +2% EMU +0.5 pts
Q1 6:35 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yards +3% EMU +1.7 pts
Q1 5:56 Illegal Formation on Sacramento State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% EMU +0.3 pts
Q1 4:53 Kick Catch Interference on Eastern Michigan, 15 yards +2% SAC +0.9 pts
Q2 14:20 Delay of Game on Sacramento State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% EMU +0.7 pts
Q2 9:15 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yards +1% EMU +0.6 pts
Q2 7:43 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yards +2% EMU +1.4 pts
Q3 9:15 Holding on Eastern Michigan, 10 yards, wiping out the play +1% SAC +1.6 pts
Q3 6:41 Intentional Grounding on Eastern Michigan, 0 yards 0% SAC 0.0 pts
Q4 13:43 Pass Interference on Sacramento State, 15 yards 0% EMU +2.2 pts
Q4 13:29 Illegal Motion on Sacramento State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% EMU +2.1 pts
Q4 12:42 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yards, wiping out the play 0% EMU +1.5 pts
Q4 11:01 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yards +1% SAC +3.0 pts
Q4 11:01 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yards 0% EMU +0.6 pts
Q4 1:58 Running Into the Kicker on Sacramento State, 5 yards 0% EMU +2.4 pts

When it happened

Eastern Michigan’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Eastern Michigan was ahead in it, below while Sacramento State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 14:56 False Start on Eastern Michigan, 4 yardsPre-snap flags +2% EMU SAC: Punt
2 Q1 11:11 Sacramento State was stopped on 3rd & 23rd & 4th downs · 64% expected +3% EMU SAC: Punt
3 Q1 9:36 Eastern Michigan was stopped on 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 34% expected +2% SAC EMU: Punt
4 Q1 6:35 Holding on Sacramento State, 10 yardsJudgment calls +3% EMU EMU: Punt
5 Q1 0:51 Eastern Michigan converted 3rd & 93rd & 4th downs · 31% expected +4% EMU EMU: Touchdown
6 Q2 0:54 Eastern Michigan fumbled and Sacramento State recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50Return touchdown by Sacramento StateSpecial teams +9% SAC EMU: Missed field goal
7 Q2 0:03 R. Kessinger missed a 28-yard field goalKicks · 89% expected for him +2% SAC EMU: Punt
8 Q3 1:13 Sacramento State was stopped on 4th & 53rd & 4th downs · 40% expected +2% EMU SAC: Touchdown

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Sacramento State 6% · Eastern Michigan 94%

Final margin
Eastern Michigan by 11
Luck in points
1.7 for Eastern Michigan
Luck-adjusted margin
Eastern Michigan by 9.3
Replay with same day's form
Sacramento State 4% · Eastern Michigan 96% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 1 2026 games · Sacramento State · Eastern Michigan

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