luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 2 2026 · September 12, 2026

Buffalo at Florida International, Week 2 2026: who deserved to win?

Florida International beat Buffalo 33–20, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Florida International wins 10 of 10.

Before kickoff Florida International was a 71% favorite.

Final

Buffalo Bulls 20
Florida International Panthers 33

September 12, 2026 · Pitbull Stadium · Closing line: Florida International −8.5

Luck index +5 Florida International about even · −5 Buffalo

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Buffalo wins 0, Florida International wins 10.

  1. 1 BUF 17 FIU 20
  2. 2 BUF 7 FIU 17
  3. 3 BUF 17 FIU 30
  4. 4 BUF 7 FIU 23
  5. 5 BUF 10 FIU 28
  6. 6 BUF 6 FIU 27
  7. 7 BUF 7 FIU 32
  8. 8 BUF 7 FIU 36
  9. 9 BUF 10 FIU 44
  10. 10 BUF 10 FIU 52

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Buffalo wins 5% of them, Florida International 95%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Florida International by 13.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Buffalo by 17+0.2%
Buffalo by 9–160.7%
Buffalo by 1–83.5%
Level after regulation0.5%
Florida International by 1–89.3%
Florida International by 9–1616.6%
Florida International by 17+69.3%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +1.7 points to Florida International: the final margin was Florida International by 13, without the luck Florida International by 11.3. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • O. Hautanen, 51 yds made · 52% expected
  • O. Hautanen, 45 yds made · 63% expected
  • R. Czeremcha, 36 yds made · 79% expected
  • R. Czeremcha, 35 yds made · 81% expected
  • Extra point missed · 98% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Buffalo 5 for 29 yards, Florida International 5 for 41 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 6:05 False Start on Buffalo, 5 yards · pre-snap +5% FIU +4.5 pts
Q2 1:53 Pass Interference on Florida International, 11 yards +1% BUF +1.1 pts
Q2 0:50 False Start on Buffalo, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% FIU +0.6 pts
Q2 0:10 False Start on Florida International, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% FIU +0.3 pts
Q2 0:00 Intentional Grounding on Florida International, 0 yards 0% BUF 0.0 pts
Q3 12:49 Holding on Buffalo, 10 yards, wiping out the play +2% FIU +2.4 pts
Q3 7:04 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on Florida International, 15 yards +1% BUF +0.9 pts
Q4 12:33 False Start on Buffalo, 4 yards · pre-snap 0% FIU +0.6 pts
Q4 5:59 False Start on Buffalo, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% FIU +0.7 pts
Q4 4:53 Holding on Florida International, 10 yards 0% BUF +0.8 pts

When it happened

Florida International’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Florida International was ahead in it, below while Buffalo was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 6:27 O. Hautanen made a 51-yard field goalKicks · 52% expected for him, 0 of 0 from 45+ before +5% BUF BUF: End of half
2 Q1 6:05 Buffalo converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 32% expectedFalse Start on Buffalo, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +2% FIU BUF: End of half
3 Q1 1:35 Florida International was stopped on 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 73% expected +3% BUF FIU: End of half
4 Q2 10:03 Florida International converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 31% expected +2% FIU FIU: Punt
5 Q3 13:26 Florida International fumbled and Buffalo recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +2% BUF FIU: Touchdown
6 Q3 12:49 Holding on Buffalo, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +2% FIU FIU: Touchdown
7 Q3 11:32 Buffalo converted 3rd & 123rd & 4th downs · 22% expected +3% BUF BUF: Touchdown
8 Q3 9:35 Buffalo converted 3rd & 23rd & 4th downs · 53% expectedBuffalo’s two-point try was good3rd & 4th downs · 46% expected +4% BUF BUF: Punt

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Buffalo 10% · Florida International 90%

Final margin
Florida International by 13
Luck in points
1.7 for Florida International
Luck-adjusted margin
Florida International by 11.3
Replay with same day's form
Buffalo 5% · Florida International 95% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 2 2026 games · Buffalo · Florida International

More from Week 2 2026

Every week 2 game, 2026