luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 3 2026 · September 19, 2026

Stonehill at Massachusetts, Week 3 2026: who deserved to win?

Massachusetts beat Stonehill 36–14, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Massachusetts wins 10 of 10.

Before kickoff Massachusetts was a 98% favorite.

Final

Stonehill Skyhawks 14
Massachusetts Minutemen 36

September 19, 2026 · Warren McGuirk Alumni Stadium · Closing line: Massachusetts −30.5

Luck index +3 Massachusetts about even · −3 Stonehill

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Stonehill wins 0, Massachusetts wins 10.

  1. 1 STO 0 MASS 3
  2. 2 STO 3 MASS 10
  3. 3 STO 3 MASS 13
  4. 4 STO 0 MASS 12
  5. 5 STO 3 MASS 17
  6. 6 STO 3 MASS 20
  7. 7 STO 3 MASS 23
  8. 8 STO 0 MASS 23
  9. 9 STO 0 MASS 26
  10. 10 STO 0 MASS 33

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Stonehill wins 3% of them, Massachusetts 97%, counting the 2% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Massachusetts by 22.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Stonehill by 17+0.0%
Stonehill by 9–160.4%
Stonehill by 1–82.1%
Level after regulation1.8%
Massachusetts by 1–815.1%
Massachusetts by 9–1624.9%
Massachusetts by 17+55.8%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +9.4 points to Massachusetts: the final margin was Massachusetts by 22, without the luck Massachusetts by 12.6. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • D. Morris, 30 yds made · 86% expected
  • D. Morris, 55 yds made · 45% expected
  • D. Morris, 33 yds made · 83% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Stonehill 5 for 47 yards, Massachusetts 9 for 98 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 9:37 Roughing the Passer on Massachusetts, 13 yards 0% STO +1.5 pts
Q1 3:26 Holding on Massachusetts, 10 yards, wiping out the play +1% STO +2.2 pts
Q1 0:09 Pass Interference on Massachusetts, 15 yards +1% STO +2.6 pts
Q1 0:04 Holding on Stonehill, 10 yards 0% MASS +1.4 pts
Q2 13:52 Illegal Block on Massachusetts, 10 yards, wiping out the play 0% STO +2.2 pts
Q2 13:31 Holding on Massachusetts, 10 yards, wiping out the play +1% STO +2.5 pts
Q2 3:48 False Start on Stonehill, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% MASS +0.2 pts
Q2 1:56 False Start on Massachusetts, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% STO +0.5 pts
Q3 14:57 Offside on Stonehill, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% MASS +0.3 pts
Q3 8:44 Intentional Grounding on Stonehill, 12 yards 0% MASS +0.7 pts
Q3 6:19 Offside on Massachusetts, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% MASS +0.4 pts
Q3 3:24 Tripping on Massachusetts, 15 yards 0% STO +2.0 pts
Q3 0:13 Face Mask on Stonehill, 15 yards 0% MASS +1.6 pts
Q4 13:37 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on Massachusetts, 15 yards 0% STO +0.9 pts

When it happened

Massachusetts’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Massachusetts was ahead in it, below while Stonehill was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 8:09 Massachusetts converted 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 54% expected +1% MASS MASS: Touchdown
2 Q1 3:26 Holding on Massachusetts, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +1% STO STO: Punt
3 Q1 1:38 D. Morris made a 55-yard field goalKicks · 45% expected for him, 4 of 9 from 45+ before +1% MASS MASS: Punt
4 Q1 0:09 Pass Interference on Massachusetts, 15 yardsJudgment calls +1% STO STO: Punt
5 Q2 13:52 Illegal Block on Massachusetts, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +0% STO STO: Punt
6 Q2 13:31 Holding on Massachusetts, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +1% STO STO: Punt
7 Q2 3:48 Stonehill was stopped on 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 24% expectedFalse Start on Stonehill, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +0% MASS STO: Punt
8 Q3 9:59 Massachusetts converted 4th & 23rd & 4th downs · 62% expected +1% MASS MASS: Touchdown

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Stonehill 3% · Massachusetts 97%

Final margin
Massachusetts by 22
Luck in points
9.4 for Massachusetts
Luck-adjusted margin
Massachusetts by 12.6
Replay with same day's form
Stonehill 3% · Massachusetts 97% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 3 2026 games · Stonehill · Massachusetts

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