luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 3 2026 · September 19, 2026

Virginia Tech at Maryland, Week 3 2026: who deserved to win?

Virginia Tech beat Maryland 35–26, but the replays call it close to a coin flip: with the way both teams played, Virginia Tech wins 5 of 10.

Before kickoff Virginia Tech was a 56% favorite.

Final

Virginia Tech Hokies 35
Maryland Terrapins 26

September 19, 2026 · SECU Stadium · Closing line: Virginia Tech −2.5

Luck index +53 Virginia Tech lucky · −53 Maryland

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Virginia Tech wins 5, Maryland wins 5.

  1. 1 VT 31 MD 10
  2. 2 VT 35 MD 21
  3. 3 VT 31 MD 21
  4. 4 VT 20 MD 14
  5. 5 VT 31 MD 28
  6. 6 VT 35 MD 38
  7. 7 VT 17 MD 22
  8. 8 VT 14 MD 23
  9. 9 VT 24 MD 38
  10. 10 VT 7 MD 28

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Virginia Tech wins 47% of them, Maryland 53%, counting the 3% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Virginia Tech by 9.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Virginia Tech by 17+10.9%
Virginia Tech by 9–1615.8%
Virginia Tech by 1–819.9%
Level after regulation2.5%
Maryland by 1–827.1%
Maryland by 9–1612.8%
Maryland by 17+10.9%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +3.4 points to Virginia Tech: the final margin was Virginia Tech by 9, without the luck Virginia Tech by 5.6. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

Penalties: Virginia Tech 9 for 76 yards, Maryland 8 for 64 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 10:13 Holding on Virginia Tech, 10 yards +1% MD +0.6 pts
Q1 4:09 Pass Interference on Maryland, 8 yards +1% VT +0.4 pts
Q1 1:02 Encroachment on Virginia Tech, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% MD +1.0 pts
Q2 15:00 False Start on Virginia Tech, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% MD +0.5 pts
Q2 11:41 Pass Interference on Maryland, 6 yards +2% VT +1.1 pts
Q2 11:15 Holding on Virginia Tech, 10 yards +2% MD +1.2 pts
Q2 7:05 Holding on Maryland, 10 yards +1% VT +0.6 pts
Q2 1:53 Pass Interference on Maryland, 14 yards +3% VT +1.5 pts
Q2 0:21 Offside on Maryland, 1 yard · pre-snap 0% VT +0.2 pts
Q3 7:05 Holding on Maryland, 10 yards +1% VT +1.5 pts
Q3 6:19 Pass Interference on Virginia Tech, 15 yards +1% MD +2.5 pts
Q4 13:03 False Start on Maryland, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% VT +1.3 pts
Q4 12:43 Pass Interference on Virginia Tech, 6 yards +2% MD +4.4 pts
Q4 11:52 Delay of Game on Virginia Tech, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% MD +0.7 pts
Q4 10:49 Pass Interference on Virginia Tech, 10 yards 0% MD +1.4 pts
Q4 8:34 Pass Interference on Maryland, 10 yards, wiping out the play +1% VT +2.1 pts
Q4 3:59 Holding on Virginia Tech, 10 yards 0% MD +0.4 pts

When it happened

Maryland’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Maryland was ahead in it, below while Virginia Tech was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 9:18 Virginia Tech converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 37% expected +3% VT VT: Touchdown
2 Q2 11:41 Pass Interference on Maryland, 6 yardsJudgment calls +2% VT VT: Touchdown
3 Q2 11:15 Holding on Virginia Tech, 10 yardsJudgment calls +2% MD MD: Punt
4 Q2 10:00 Virginia Tech converted 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 58% expected +2% VT VT: Touchdown
5 Q2 7:16 Maryland converted 3rd & 53rd & 4th downs · 46% expected +3% MD MD: Punt
6 Q2 2:59 Maryland converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 38% expected +4% MD MD: Touchdown
7 Q2 1:53 Pass Interference on Maryland, 14 yardsJudgment calls +3% VT VT: Touchdown
8 Q3 8:01 Virginia Tech converted 3rd & 93rd & 4th downs · 33% expected +2% VT VT: Touchdown

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Virginia Tech 87% · Maryland 13%

Final margin
Virginia Tech by 9
Luck in points
3.4 for Virginia Tech
Luck-adjusted margin
Virginia Tech by 5.6
Replay with same day's form
Virginia Tech 47% · Maryland 53% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 3 2026 games · Virginia Tech · Maryland

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