luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 1 2025 · August 29, 2025

Tarleton State at Army, Week 1 2025: who deserved to win?

Tarleton State beat Army 30–27, a result the replays rarely give: with the way both teams actually played, Army wins 9 of 10. Luck ran its way: kicks alone were worth 38 points of win probability to Tarleton State.

Before kickoff Army was an 83% favorite. The game turned on a luck play (2OT): B. Larson made a 37-yard field goal, worth 22 points of win probability to Tarleton State.

Final (OT)

Tarleton State Texans 30
Army Black Knights 27

August 29, 2025 · Michie Stadium · Closing line: Army −14.5

Luck index +87 Tarleton State very lucky · −87 Army

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Tarleton State wins 1, Army wins 9.

  1. 1 TAR 34 ARMY 26
  2. 2 TAR 20 ARMY 23
  3. 3 TAR 21 ARMY 27
  4. 4 TAR 14 ARMY 24
  5. 5 TAR 14 ARMY 27
  6. 6 TAR 21 ARMY 37
  7. 7 TAR 7 ARMY 27
  8. 8 TAR 0 ARMY 24
  9. 9 TAR 0 ARMY 28
  10. 10 TAR 17 ARMY 52

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Tarleton State wins 13% of them, Army 87%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Tarleton State by 3.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Tarleton State by 17+1.3%
Tarleton State by 9–163.1%
Tarleton State by 1–88.5%
Level after regulation0.9%
Army by 1–818.2%
Army by 9–1619.3%
Army by 17+48.8%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +6.9 points to Tarleton State: the final margin was Tarleton State by 3, without the luck Army by 3.9. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • B. Larson, 30 yds made · 86% expected
  • D. Jones, 24 yds made · 92% expected
  • D. Jones, 43 yds missed · 67% expected
  • B. Larson, 28 yds made · 89% expected
  • D. Jones, 40 yds made · 72% expected
  • B. Larson, 37 yds made · 78% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Tarleton State 10 for 73 yards, Army 5 for 25 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 9:05 Offside on Army, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% TAR +0.3 pts
Q1 8:43 False Start on Tarleton State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% ARMY +0.5 pts
Q2 1:50 False Start on Army, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% ARMY +1.0 pts
Q2 1:15 Holding on Tarleton State, 10 yards, wiping out the play +16% ARMY +6.4 pts
Q2 1:12 False Start on Tarleton State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% ARMY +0.1 pts
Q3 14:19 Penalty on Tarleton State, 0 yards +1% ARMY +1.0 pts
Q3 13:24 Holding on Army, 0 yards 0% TAR 0.0 pts
Q3 9:38 Pass Interference on Tarleton State, 8 yards +3% ARMY +2.4 pts
Q3 7:14 Holding on Tarleton State, 10 yards +1% ARMY +1.3 pts
Q3 5:33 False Start on Tarleton State, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% ARMY +1.2 pts
Q3 3:54 Pass Interference on Tarleton State, 15 yards +5% ARMY +3.4 pts
Q3 2:59 Holding on Army, 10 yards 0% ARMY 0.0 pts
Q3 1:59 Ineligible Downfield on Army, 5 yards +2% TAR +1.3 pts
Q4 1:44 Holding on Tarleton State, 10 yards +7% ARMY +0.6 pts
Q4 0:09 Illegal Substitution on Tarleton State, 5 yards · pre-snap +5% TAR +0.6 pts

When it happened

Army’s chance of winning

As low as 0% and as high as 97%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Army was ahead in it, below while Tarleton State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q2 1:15 Holding on Tarleton State, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +16% ARMY ARMY: Touchdown
2 Q4 9:55 Army fumbled and Tarleton State recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +7% TAR ARMY: Punt
3 Q4 9:05 Tarleton State converted 3rd & 53rd & 4th downs · 44% expected +7% TAR TAR: Punt
4 Q4 1:44 Holding on Tarleton State, 10 yardsJudgment calls +7% ARMY ARMY: Missed field goal
5 Q4 0:07 D. Jones missed a 43-yard field goalKicks · 67% expected for him +15% TAR –
6 OT B. Larson made a 28-yard field goalKicks · 89% expected for him +10% ARMY –
7 OT D. Jones made a 40-yard field goalKicks · 72% expected for him +10% TAR –
8 2OT The game turned hereB. Larson made a 37-yard field goalKicks · 78% expected for him +22% TAR –

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Tarleton State 29% · Army 71%

Final margin
Tarleton State by 3
Luck in points
6.9 for Tarleton State
Luck-adjusted margin
Army by 3.9
Replay with same day's form
Tarleton State 13% · Army 87% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 1 2025 games · Tarleton State · Army

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