luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 12 2025 · November 15, 2025

Tennessee Tech at Kentucky, Week 12 2025: who deserved to win?

Kentucky beat Tennessee Tech 42–10, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Kentucky wins 10 of 10.

Before kickoff Kentucky was a 93% favorite.

Final

Tennessee Tech Golden Eagles 10
Kentucky Wildcats 42

November 15, 2025 · Kroger Field · Closing line: Kentucky −22.5

Luck index +3 Kentucky about even · −3 Tennessee Tech

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Tennessee Tech wins 0, Kentucky wins 10.

  1. 1 TNTC 16 UK 20
  2. 2 TNTC 13 UK 21
  3. 3 TNTC 17 UK 31
  4. 4 TNTC 10 UK 27
  5. 5 TNTC 3 UK 24
  6. 6 TNTC 21 UK 45
  7. 7 TNTC 7 UK 34
  8. 8 TNTC 10 UK 41
  9. 9 TNTC 3 UK 38
  10. 10 TNTC 0 UK 42

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Tennessee Tech wins 3% of them, Kentucky 97%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Kentucky by 32.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Tennessee Tech by 17+0.2%
Tennessee Tech by 9–160.5%
Tennessee Tech by 1–81.9%
Level after regulation0.8%
Kentucky by 1–86.2%
Kentucky by 9–1611.7%
Kentucky by 17+78.8%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +0.5 points to Tennessee Tech: the final margin was Kentucky by 32, without the luck Kentucky by 32.5. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • D. LeBlanc, 32 yds missed · 81% expected
  • D. LeBlanc, 38 yds made · 72% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Tennessee Tech 6 for 48 yards, Kentucky 3 for 20 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 10:07 False Start on Kentucky, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% TNTC +0.3 pts
Q2 10:50 Holding on Kentucky, 10 yards 0% TNTC +1.7 pts
Q2 4:12 Illegal Substitution on Tennessee Tech, 4 yards · pre-snap 0% UK +0.2 pts
Q2 1:10 Personal Foul on Tennessee Tech, 15 yards 0% UK +0.9 pts
Q3 9:30 Delay of Game on Tennessee Tech, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% TNTC +0.2 pts
Q4 12:52 Offside on Tennessee Tech, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% UK +0.7 pts
Q4 7:23 False Start on Kentucky, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% TNTC +0.8 pts
Q4 5:37 Pass Interference on Tennessee Tech, 14 yards 0% UK +0.5 pts
Q4 1:29 Illegal Substitution on Tennessee Tech, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% UK +0.7 pts

When it happened

Kentucky’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Kentucky was ahead in it, below while Tennessee Tech was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 13:35 Tennessee Tech was stopped on 3rd & 53rd & 4th downs · 43% expected +1% UK TNTC: Punt
2 Q1 12:18 Kentucky converted 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 82% expected +0% UK UK: Touchdown
3 Q1 5:15 Tennessee Tech was stopped on 3rd & 53rd & 4th downs · 43% expected +1% UK TNTC: Punt
4 Q2 12:44 Tennessee Tech was stopped on 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 28% expected +0% UK TNTC: Missed field goal
5 Q2 12:10 D. LeBlanc missed a 32-yard field goalKicks · 81% expected for him +1% UK TNTC: Turnover
6 Q2 10:50 Holding on Kentucky, 10 yardsJudgment calls +0% TNTC TNTC: Turnover
7 Q2 9:46 Kentucky was stopped on 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 39% expected +0% TNTC UK: Punt
8 Q2 1:18 Tennessee Tech converted 4th & 33rd & 4th downs · 45% expected +0% TNTC TNTC: End of half

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Tennessee Tech 0% · Kentucky 100%

Final margin
Kentucky by 32
Luck in points
0.5 for Tennessee Tech
Luck-adjusted margin
Kentucky by 32.5
Replay with same day's form
Tennessee Tech 3% · Kentucky 97% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 12 2025 games · Tennessee Tech · Kentucky

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