luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 4 2025 · September 20, 2025

UT Martin at Missouri State, Week 4 2025: who deserved to win?

Missouri State beat UT Martin 42–10, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Missouri State wins 9 of 10.

Before kickoff Missouri State was an 83% favorite.

Final

UT Martin Skyhawks 10
Missouri State Bears 42

September 20, 2025 · Plaster Sports Complex · Closing line: Missouri State −14.5

Luck index +8 Missouri State about even · −8 UT Martin

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. UT Martin wins 1, Missouri State wins 9.

  1. 1 UTM 21 MOST 14
  2. 2 UTM 17 MOST 20
  3. 3 UTM 28 MOST 35
  4. 4 UTM 21 MOST 31
  5. 5 UTM 10 MOST 24
  6. 6 UTM 21 MOST 38
  7. 7 UTM 6 MOST 27
  8. 8 UTM 17 MOST 42
  9. 9 UTM 17 MOST 48
  10. 10 UTM 0 MOST 38

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

UT Martin wins 8% of them, Missouri State 92%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Missouri State by 32.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
UT Martin by 17+0.5%
UT Martin by 9–161.5%
UT Martin by 1–84.9%
Level after regulation1.1%
Missouri State by 1–812.3%
Missouri State by 9–1619.1%
Missouri State by 17+60.7%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +0.6 points to Missouri State: the final margin was Missouri State by 32, without the luck Missouri State by 31.4. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

Penalties: UT Martin 3 for 35 yards, Missouri State 9 for 64 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 10:21 Face Mask on UT Martin, 15 yards +1% MOST +1.4 pts
Q1 10:21 False Start on Missouri State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% UTM +0.4 pts
Q1 1:26 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on Missouri State, 15 yards +2% MOST +5.1 pts
Q2 14:51 Personal Foul on UT Martin, 15 yards 0% MOST +1.6 pts
Q2 7:36 Holding on Missouri State, 10 yards, wiping out the play 0% UTM +1.4 pts
Q2 7:36 False Start on Missouri State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% UTM +0.5 pts
Q3 11:05 Holding on Missouri State, 10 yards 0% UTM +0.6 pts
Q3 11:05 False Start on Missouri State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% UTM +0.6 pts
Q4 15:00 False Start on UT Martin, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% MOST +0.8 pts
Q4 6:47 Illegal Use of Hands on Missouri State, 10 yards 0% UTM +0.9 pts
Q4 5:27 Targeting on Missouri State, 2 yards 0% UTM +0.6 pts
Q4 5:27 Pass Interference on Missouri State, 2 yards 0% UTM +2.1 pts

When it happened

Missouri State’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Missouri State was ahead in it, below while UT Martin was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 13:48 UT Martin fumbled and Missouri State recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +3% MOST UTM: Punt
2 Q1 11:50 UT Martin was stopped on 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 34% expected +1% UTM UTM: Punt
3 Q1 10:21 Missouri State converted 3rd & 63rd & 4th downs · 43% expectedMissouri State converted 3rd & 133rd & 4th downs · 27% expectedFace Mask on UT Martin, 15 yardsJudgment callsFalse Start on Missouri State, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +4% MOST MOST: Touchdown
4 Q1 1:26 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on Missouri State, 15 yardsJudgment calls +2% MOST UTM: Turnover
5 Q1 1:16 Missouri State converted 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 33% expected +1% MOST MOST: Touchdown
6 Q2 14:51 Missouri State converted 3rd & 43rd & 4th downs · 53% expectedMissouri State was stopped on 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 31% expectedUT Martin fumbled and Missouri State recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50Personal Foul on UT Martin, 15 yardsJudgment calls +1% MOST MOST: Touchdown
7 Q2 11:25 Missouri State converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 75% expected +0% MOST MOST: Punt
8 Q2 7:36 Missouri State was stopped on 3rd & 243rd & 4th downs · 19% expectedHolding on Missouri State, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment callsFalse Start on Missouri State, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +0% UTM MOST: Punt

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

UT Martin 0% · Missouri State 100%

Final margin
Missouri State by 32
Luck in points
0.6 for Missouri State
Luck-adjusted margin
Missouri State by 31.4
Replay with same day's form
UT Martin 8% · Missouri State 92% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 4 2025 games · UT Martin · Missouri State

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