luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 5 2025 · September 27, 2025

Rhode Island at Western Michigan, Week 5 2025: who deserved to win?

Western Michigan beat Rhode Island 47–14, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Western Michigan wins 9 of 10.

Before kickoff Western Michigan was a 68% favorite.

Final

Rhode Island Rams 14
Western Michigan Broncos 47

September 27, 2025 · Waldo Stadium · Closing line: Western Michigan −7

Luck index +12 Western Michigan about even · −12 Rhode Island

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Rhode Island wins 1, Western Michigan wins 9.

  1. 1 URI 26 WMU 19
  2. 2 URI 24 WMU 27
  3. 3 URI 21 WMU 27
  4. 4 URI 21 WMU 31
  5. 5 URI 21 WMU 36
  6. 6 URI 16 WMU 34
  7. 7 URI 14 WMU 35
  8. 8 URI 10 WMU 38
  9. 9 URI 14 WMU 47
  10. 10 URI 10 WMU 52

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Rhode Island wins 12% of them, Western Michigan 88%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Western Michigan by 33.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Rhode Island by 17+1.6%
Rhode Island by 9–163.1%
Rhode Island by 1–87.8%
Level after regulation0.9%
Western Michigan by 1–812.9%
Western Michigan by 9–1618.4%
Western Michigan by 17+55.4%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +13.3 points to Western Michigan: the final margin was Western Michigan by 33, without the luck Western Michigan by 19.7. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • P. Domschke, 29 yds made · 85% expected
  • P. Domschke, 41 yds made · 68% expected
  • P. Domschke, 49 yds made · 54% expected
  • H. Smith, 21 yds made · 93% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Rhode Island 3 for 25 yards, Western Michigan 3 for 30 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 13:54 Pass Interference on Western Michigan, 15 yards +3% URI +1.7 pts
Q1 13:10 Offside on Rhode Island, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% WMU +0.9 pts
Q1 12:26 Face Mask on Rhode Island, 15 yards +3% WMU +1.6 pts
Q2 7:12 Holding on Western Michigan, 10 yards, wiping out the play +7% URI +4.5 pts
Q2 3:43 False Start on Rhode Island, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% WMU +0.7 pts
Q4 7:35 False Start on Western Michigan, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% URI +0.7 pts

When it happened

Western Michigan’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Western Michigan was ahead in it, below while Rhode Island was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 13:54 Pass Interference on Western Michigan, 15 yardsJudgment calls +3% URI URI: Touchdown
2 Q1 12:26 Face Mask on Rhode Island, 15 yardsJudgment calls +3% WMU WMU: Field goal
3 Q1 10:01 Western Michigan converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 74% expected +3% WMU WMU: Field goal
4 Q1 3:10 Western Michigan converted 3rd & 63rd & 4th downs · 36% expected +4% WMU WMU: Touchdown
5 Q2 14:49 Western Michigan was stopped on 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 44% expected +3% URI WMU: Touchdown
6 Q2 14:00 Western Michigan converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 68% expected +4% WMU WMU: Touchdown
7 Q2 7:12 Holding on Western Michigan, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +7% URI URI: Turnover
8 Q2 6:15 Rhode Island fumbled and Western Michigan recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +3% WMU URI: Turnover

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Rhode Island 0% · Western Michigan 100%

Final margin
Western Michigan by 33
Luck in points
13.3 for Western Michigan
Luck-adjusted margin
Western Michigan by 19.7
Replay with same day's form
Rhode Island 12% · Western Michigan 88% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 5 2025 games · Rhode Island · Western Michigan

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