luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 7 2025 · October 11, 2025

Charlotte at Army, Week 7 2025: who deserved to win?

Army beat Charlotte 24–7, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Army wins 10 of 10.

Before kickoff Army was an 87% favorite.

Final

Charlotte 49ers 7
Army Black Knights 24

October 11, 2025 · Michie Stadium · Closing line: Army −17.5

Luck index 0 Army about even · 0 Charlotte

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Charlotte wins 0, Army wins 10.

  1. 1 CLT 7 ARMY 16
  2. 2 CLT 7 ARMY 21
  3. 3 CLT 0 ARMY 17
  4. 4 CLT 0 ARMY 20
  5. 5 CLT 0 ARMY 23
  6. 6 CLT 0 ARMY 24
  7. 7 CLT 0 ARMY 27
  8. 8 CLT 0 ARMY 30
  9. 9 CLT 0 ARMY 33
  10. 10 CLT 0 ARMY 41

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Charlotte wins 0% of them, Army 100%. The line is what actually happened: Army by 17.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Charlotte by 17+0.0%
Charlotte by 9–160.1%
Charlotte by 1–80.2%
Level after regulation0.1%
Army by 1–84.0%
Army by 9–169.1%
Army by 17+86.6%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +2.2 points to Charlotte: the final margin was Army by 17, without the luck Army by 19.2. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • D. Jones, 38 yds made · 76% expected
  • D. Jones, 38 yds missed · 76% expected
  • D. Jones, 45 yds blocked · 63% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Charlotte 2 for 20 yards, Army 1 for 15 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 11:18 False Start on Charlotte, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% ARMY +0.7 pts
Q3 7:36 Face Mask on Army, 15 yards 0% CLT +0.9 pts
Q4 13:13 Face Mask on Charlotte, 15 yards 0% ARMY +0.4 pts

When it happened

Army’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Army was ahead in it, below while Charlotte was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 13:41 Charlotte converted 3rd & 23rd & 4th downs · 62% expected +1% CLT CLT: Punt
2 Q1 9:01 Charlotte was stopped on 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 31% expected +1% ARMY CLT: Punt
3 Q1 2:07 Army fumbled and Charlotte recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +2% CLT ARMY: Touchdown
4 Q2 14:54 Charlotte was stopped on 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 52% expected +2% ARMY CLT: Turnover on downs
5 Q2 14:30 Charlotte was stopped on 4th & 23rd & 4th downs · 61% expected +2% ARMY CLT: Turnover on downs
6 Q2 13:10 Army converted 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 55% expected +1% ARMY ARMY: Touchdown
7 Q2 10:03 Army was stopped on 3rd & 43rd & 4th downs · 48% expected +1% CLT ARMY: Touchdown
8 Q2 9:15 Army converted 4th & 23rd & 4th downs · 63% expected +2% ARMY ARMY: Touchdown

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Charlotte 0% · Army 100%

Final margin
Army by 17
Luck in points
2.2 for Charlotte
Luck-adjusted margin
Army by 19.2
Replay with same day's form
Charlotte 0% · Army 100% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 7 2025 games · Charlotte · Army

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