luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 7 2025 · October 8, 2025

Missouri State at Middle Tennessee, Week 7 2025: who deserved to win?

Missouri State beat Middle Tennessee 22–20, but the replays call it close to a coin flip: with the way both teams played, Missouri State wins 4 of 10. Luck ran its way: fumble bounces alone were worth 15 points of win probability to Missouri State.

Before kickoff Missouri State was a 58% favorite. The game turned on a luck play (Q4, 1:03 left): J. Hathaway missed a 50-yard field goal, worth 17 points of win probability to Missouri State. The biggest single swing (Q4, 0:17 left): Missouri State was stopped on 3rd & 18.

Final

Missouri State Bears 22
Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders 20

October 8, 2025 · Johnny "Red" Floyd Stadium · Closing line: Missouri State −3

Luck index +60 Missouri State lucky · −60 Middle Tennessee

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Missouri State wins 4, Middle Tennessee wins 6.

  1. 1 MOST 24 MTSU 0
  2. 2 MOST 38 MTSU 24
  3. 3 MOST 24 MTSU 17
  4. 4 MOST 24 MTSU 21
  5. 5 MOST 7 MTSU 10
  6. 6 MOST 7 MTSU 13
  7. 7 MOST 7 MTSU 16
  8. 8 MOST 24 MTSU 37
  9. 9 MOST 6 MTSU 24
  10. 10 MOST 0 MTSU 27

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Missouri State wins 40% of them, Middle Tennessee 60%, counting the 4% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Missouri State by 2.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Missouri State by 17+8.1%
Missouri State by 9–1610.8%
Missouri State by 1–818.2%
Level after regulation3.6%
Middle Tennessee by 1–821.3%
Middle Tennessee by 9–1618.7%
Middle Tennessee by 17+19.2%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +5.6 points to Missouri State: the final margin was Missouri State by 2, without the luck Middle Tennessee by 3.6. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • J. Hathaway, 45 yds made · 63% expected
  • Y. Obeid, 39 yds made · 76% expected
  • J. Hathaway, 40 yds made · 73% expected
  • Y. Obeid, 25 yds made · 92% expected
  • Y. Obeid, 29 yds made · 89% expected
  • J. Hathaway, 50 yds missed · 55% expected
  • Extra point missed · 98% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Missouri State 3 for 41 yards, Middle Tennessee 7 for 84 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 14:38 Holding on Middle Tennessee, 10 yards +1% MOST +0.6 pts
Q1 8:35 Ineligible Downfield on Middle Tennessee, 5 yards +1% MOST +0.3 pts
Q2 9:16 Personal Foul on Middle Tennessee, 50 yards +7% MOST +3.1 pts
Q2 4:21 Illegal Formation on Middle Tennessee, 0 yards · pre-snap 0% MOST 0.0 pts
Q3 3:02 False Start on Middle Tennessee, 4 yards · pre-snap +4% MOST +1.3 pts
Q4 12:34 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on Missouri State, 15 yards +6% MTSU +1.6 pts
Q4 11:20 Face Mask on Missouri State, 11 yards +6% MTSU +1.4 pts
Q4 10:30 Face Mask on Middle Tennessee, 0 yards 0% MOST 0.0 pts
Q4 7:13 Face Mask on Middle Tennessee, 15 yards +5% MOST +1.6 pts
Q4 2:04 Face Mask on Missouri State, 15 yards +9% MTSU +1.6 pts

When it happened

Middle Tennessee’s chance of winning

As low as 0% and as high as 88%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Middle Tennessee was ahead in it, below while Missouri State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q2 9:16 Missouri State converted 3rd & 93rd & 4th downs · 32% expectedPersonal Foul on Middle Tennessee, 50 yardsJudgment calls +14% MOST MOST: Touchdown
2 Q3 9:27 Middle Tennessee was stopped on 4th & 23rd & 4th downs · 65% expected +7% MOST MTSU: Punt
3 Q3 4:14 Missouri State was stopped on 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 79% expectedMissouri State fumbled and recovered itFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +7% MTSU MOST: Punt
4 Q3 1:56 Middle Tennessee was stopped on 4th & 43rd & 4th downs · 48% expected +7% MOST MTSU: Touchdown
5 Q4 9:12 Middle Tennessee converted 3rd & 93rd & 4th downs · 24% expected +11% MTSU MTSU: Missed field goal
6 Q4 2:04 Face Mask on Missouri State, 15 yardsJudgment calls +9% MTSU MTSU: Missed field goal
7 Q4 1:03 The game turned hereJ. Hathaway missed a 50-yard field goalKicks · 55% expected for him, 2 of 2 from 45+ before +17% MOST –
8 Q4 0:17 Missouri State was stopped on 3rd & 183rd & 4th downs · 20% expected +20% MTSU –

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Missouri State 32% · Middle Tennessee 68%

Final margin
Missouri State by 2
Luck in points
5.6 for Missouri State
Luck-adjusted margin
Middle Tennessee by 3.6
Replay with same day's form
Missouri State 40% · Middle Tennessee 60% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 7 2025 games · Missouri State · Middle Tennessee

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