luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 9 2025 · October 25, 2025

Colorado State at Wyoming, Week 9 2025: who deserved to win?

Wyoming beat Colorado State 28–0, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Wyoming wins 9 of 10.

Before kickoff Wyoming was a 64% favorite.

Final

Colorado State Rams 0
Wyoming Cowboys 28

October 25, 2025 · War Memorial Stadium · Closing line: Wyoming −5.5

Luck index +6 Wyoming about even · −6 Colorado State

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Colorado State wins 1, Wyoming wins 9.

  1. 1 CSU 28 WYO 21
  2. 2 CSU 20 WYO 24
  3. 3 CSU 23 WYO 34
  4. 4 CSU 34 WYO 49
  5. 5 CSU 34 WYO 54
  6. 6 CSU 27 WYO 51
  7. 7 CSU 20 WYO 48
  8. 8 CSU 23 WYO 57
  9. 9 CSU 17 WYO 56
  10. 10 CSU 3 WYO 52

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Colorado State wins 6% of them, Wyoming 94%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Wyoming by 28.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Colorado State by 17+0.5%
Colorado State by 9–161.7%
Colorado State by 1–83.5%
Level after regulation0.9%
Wyoming by 1–88.8%
Wyoming by 9–1611.9%
Wyoming by 17+72.7%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +1.6 points to Colorado State: the final margin was Wyoming by 28, without the luck Wyoming by 29.6. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

Penalties: Colorado State 7 for 69 yards, Wyoming 7 for 50 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 9:28 Delay of Game on Colorado State, 1 yard · pre-snap +1% WYO +0.6 pts
Q2 14:08 Holding on Colorado State, 10 yards +2% WYO +1.8 pts
Q2 9:52 False Start on Wyoming, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% CSU +1.5 pts
Q2 9:52 Illegal Substitution on Wyoming, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CSU +0.6 pts
Q2 9:52 False Start on Wyoming, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CSU +0.8 pts
Q2 6:00 Holding on Colorado State, 10 yards +1% WYO +0.6 pts
Q2 6:00 Holding on Wyoming, 10 yards +1% CSU +0.7 pts
Q2 2:00 Pass Interference on Colorado State, 15 yards 0% WYO +1.0 pts
Q2 0:04 Holding on Wyoming, 10 yards 0% CSU +0.6 pts
Q3 7:28 False Start on Wyoming, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% CSU +1.6 pts
Q3 0:56 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on Wyoming, 10 yards 0% CSU +0.8 pts
Q4 14:04 False Start on Colorado State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% WYO +1.2 pts
Q4 12:16 Pass Interference on Colorado State, 13 yards 0% WYO +0.7 pts
Q4 5:32 Personal Foul on Colorado State, 15 yards 0% WYO +0.9 pts

When it happened

Wyoming’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Wyoming was ahead in it, below while Colorado State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 15:00 Wyoming was stopped on 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 35% expected +2% CSU WYO: Punt
2 Q1 11:01 Colorado State was stopped on 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 52% expected +3% WYO CSU: Punt
3 Q1 9:28 Wyoming was stopped on 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 71% expectedWyoming converted 3rd & 123rd & 4th downs · 24% expectedWyoming converted 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 77% expectedDelay of Game on Colorado State, 1 yardPre-snap flags +5% WYO WYO: Touchdown
4 Q1 2:43 Wyoming converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 70% expected +3% WYO WYO: Touchdown
5 Q1 1:52 Wyoming converted 3rd & 53rd & 4th downs · 43% expected +2% WYO WYO: Touchdown
6 Q2 14:08 Colorado State converted 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 52% expectedColorado State was stopped on 3rd & 193rd & 4th downs · 15% expectedHolding on Colorado State, 10 yardsJudgment calls +2% CSU CSU: Punt
7 Q2 9:52 Wyoming converted 3rd & 53rd & 4th downs · 43% expectedWyoming was stopped on 3rd & 113rd & 4th downs · 27% expectedFalse Start on Wyoming, 5 yardsPre-snap flagsIllegal Substitution on Wyoming, 5 yardsPre-snap flagsFalse Start on Wyoming, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +1% CSU WYO: Punt
8 Q2 2:00 Wyoming fumbled and recovered itFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50Pass Interference on Colorado State, 15 yardsJudgment calls +2% WYO WYO: Touchdown

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Colorado State 0% · Wyoming 100%

Final margin
Wyoming by 28
Luck in points
1.6 for Colorado State
Luck-adjusted margin
Wyoming by 29.6
Replay with same day's form
Colorado State 6% · Wyoming 94% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 9 2025 games · Colorado State · Wyoming

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