luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 1 2026 · September 5, 2026

Liberty at James Madison, Week 1 2026: who deserved to win?

James Madison beat Liberty 20–13, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, James Madison wins 9 of 10.

Before kickoff James Madison was a 65% favorite. The biggest swing (Q3, 8:26 left): Holding on Liberty, 10 yards, wiping out the play, worth 12 points of win probability to James Madison.

Final

Liberty Flames 13
James Madison Dukes 20

September 5, 2026 · Bridgeforth Stadium · Closing line: James Madison −6

Luck index +11 James Madison about even · −11 Liberty

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Liberty wins 1, James Madison wins 9.

  1. 1 LIB 19 JMU 13
  2. 2 LIB 21 JMU 24
  3. 3 LIB 10 JMU 16
  4. 4 LIB 7 JMU 16
  5. 5 LIB 10 JMU 22
  6. 6 LIB 10 JMU 24
  7. 7 LIB 10 JMU 29
  8. 8 LIB 13 JMU 35
  9. 9 LIB 10 JMU 38
  10. 10 LIB 0 JMU 34

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Liberty wins 11% of them, James Madison 89%, counting the 2% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: James Madison by 7.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Liberty by 17+1.2%
Liberty by 9–163.0%
Liberty by 1–86.7%
Level after regulation1.6%
James Madison by 1–820.6%
James Madison by 9–1619.3%
James Madison by 17+47.6%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +3.9 points to James Madison: the final margin was James Madison by 7, without the luck James Madison by 3.1. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • C. Reeves, 30 yds made · 86% expected
  • M. Suarez, 46 yds made · 61% expected
  • C. Reeves, 42 yds made · 69% expected
  • M. Suarez, 32 yds made · 85% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Liberty 12 for 82 yards, James Madison 7 for 77 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 15:00 False Start on Liberty, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% JMU +1.1 pts
Q1 8:39 Pass Interference on Liberty, 14 yards +3% JMU +1.6 pts
Q1 8:39 Personal Foul on Liberty, 15 yards +3% JMU +1.6 pts
Q1 8:39 False Start on James Madison, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% LIB +0.7 pts
Q2 15:00 Pass Interference on James Madison, 12 yards +2% LIB +1.0 pts
Q2 15:00 False Start on Liberty, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% JMU +0.8 pts
Q2 8:57 Holding on James Madison, 10 yards +2% LIB +1.3 pts
Q2 1:53 Unsportsmanlike Conduct on James Madison, 15 yards +1% LIB +0.7 pts
Q2 1:53 False Start on Liberty, 5 yards · pre-snap +3% JMU +0.5 pts
Q3 14:52 Pass Interference on Liberty, 12 yards +1% JMU +0.7 pts
Q3 14:52 Personal Foul on James Madison, 15 yards +3% LIB +2.1 pts
Q3 9:47 False Start on James Madison, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% LIB +0.6 pts
Q3 8:26 Illegal Block on Liberty, 4 yards 0% JMU +0.2 pts
Q3 8:26 Pass Interference on James Madison, 15 yards +2% LIB +1.4 pts
Q3 8:26 Holding on Liberty, 10 yards, wiping out the play +11% JMU +5.3 pts
Q3 8:26 False Start on Liberty, 2 yards · pre-snap +2% JMU +1.5 pts
Q3 5:17 False Start on Liberty, 5 yards · pre-snap +3% JMU +1.9 pts
Q4 15:00 Intentional Grounding on Liberty, 0 yards 0% JMU 0.0 pts
Q4 15:00 False Start on Liberty, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% JMU +0.9 pts

When it happened

James Madison’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while James Madison was ahead in it, below while Liberty was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 8:39 James Madison converted 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 79% expectedPass Interference on Liberty, 14 yardsJudgment callsPersonal Foul on Liberty, 15 yardsJudgment callsFalse Start on James Madison, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +5% JMU JMU: Touchdown
2 Q1 0:35 Liberty fumbled and recovered itFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +3% LIB LIB: Field goal
3 Q2 15:00 Liberty was stopped on 3rd & 23rd & 4th downs · 64% expectedLiberty converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 76% expectedLiberty converted 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 55% expectedLiberty was stopped on 3rd & 113rd & 4th downs · 26% expectedPass Interference on James Madison, 12 yardsJudgment callsFalse Start on Liberty, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +3% LIB LIB: Field goal
4 Q2 4:50 James Madison converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 30% expected +3% JMU JMU: Touchdown
5 Q3 8:26 Illegal Block on Liberty, 4 yardsJudgment callsPass Interference on James Madison, 15 yardsJudgment callsHolding on Liberty, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment callsFalse Start on Liberty, 2 yardsPre-snap flags +12% JMU JMU: Punt
6 Q3 5:17 Liberty was stopped on 3rd & 153rd & 4th downs · 20% expectedFalse Start on Liberty, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +5% JMU LIB: Punt
7 Q4 10:01 Liberty converted 3rd & 63rd & 4th downs · 38% expected +4% LIB LIB: Touchdown
8 Q4 7:25 Liberty converted 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 77% expectedLiberty was stopped on 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 55% expectedLiberty fumbled and recovered itFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +6% LIB LIB: End of game

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Liberty 32% · James Madison 68%

Final margin
James Madison by 7
Luck in points
3.9 for James Madison
Luck-adjusted margin
James Madison by 3.1
Replay with same day's form
Liberty 11% · James Madison 89% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 1 2026 games · Liberty · James Madison

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