luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 11 2025 · November 8, 2025

Georgia State at Coastal Carolina, Week 11 2025: who deserved to win?

Coastal Carolina beat Georgia State 40–27, and the replays back it up: with the way both teams actually played, Coastal Carolina wins 9 of 10.

Before kickoff Coastal Carolina was a 68% favorite. The biggest swing (Q2, 11:36 left): Georgia State was stopped on 3rd & 21, worth 9 points of win probability to Georgia State.

Final

Georgia State Panthers 27
Coastal Carolina Chanticleers 40

November 8, 2025 · Brooks Stadium (SC) · Closing line: Coastal Carolina −7

Luck index +8 Coastal Carolina about even · −8 Georgia State

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Georgia State wins 1, Coastal Carolina wins 9.

  1. 1 GAST 38 CCU 31
  2. 2 GAST 24 CCU 27
  3. 3 GAST 17 CCU 24
  4. 4 GAST 31 CCU 44
  5. 5 GAST 10 CCU 26
  6. 6 GAST 9 CCU 27
  7. 7 GAST 7 CCU 30
  8. 8 GAST 7 CCU 34
  9. 9 GAST 7 CCU 38
  10. 10 GAST 7 CCU 45

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Georgia State wins 8% of them, Coastal Carolina 92%, counting the 1% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Coastal Carolina by 13.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Georgia State by 17+0.5%
Georgia State by 9–161.6%
Georgia State by 1–85.5%
Level after regulation0.9%
Coastal Carolina by 1–811.9%
Coastal Carolina by 9–1617.6%
Coastal Carolina by 17+62.1%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +12.4 points to Coastal Carolina: the final margin was Coastal Carolina by 13, without the luck Coastal Carolina by 0.6. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • K. Afrookhteh, 30 yds made · 89% expected
  • K. Afrookhteh, 34 yds made · 84% expected
  • K. Afrookhteh, 28 yds made · 91% expected
  • P. Laforge, 47 yds made · 59% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Georgia State 6 for 40 yards, Coastal Carolina 5 for 40 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q2 15:00 Pass Interference on Georgia State, 15 yards +2% CCU +1.0 pts
Q2 15:00 False Start on Coastal Carolina, 5 yards · pre-snap +3% GAST +1.4 pts
Q2 15:00 False Start on Coastal Carolina, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% GAST +0.8 pts
Q2 11:36 False Start on Georgia State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CCU +0.7 pts
Q2 5:03 Holding on Coastal Carolina, 10 yards, wiping out the play +8% GAST +4.0 pts
Q2 3:41 False Start on Georgia State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CCU +0.4 pts
Q2 3:41 False Start on Georgia State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CCU +0.4 pts
Q3 12:43 False Start on Georgia State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CCU +0.8 pts
Q3 9:39 False Start on Georgia State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% CCU +0.8 pts
Q4 11:35 Roughing the Passer on Coastal Carolina, 15 yards 0% GAST +1.8 pts
Q4 11:35 Offside on Coastal Carolina, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% CCU +0.4 pts

When it happened

Coastal Carolina’s chance of winning

Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Coastal Carolina was ahead in it, below while Georgia State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 15:00 Georgia State was stopped on 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 82% expected +4% CCU GAST: Punt
2 Q1 11:34 Georgia State converted 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 81% expectedGeorgia State was stopped on 3rd & 13rd & 4th downs · 76% expected +8% CCU GAST: Touchdown
3 Q1 5:07 Georgia State converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 75% expectedCoastal Carolina converted 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 36% expected +2% CCU GAST: Touchdown
4 Q2 11:36 Georgia State was stopped on 3rd & 213rd & 4th downs · 20% expectedGeorgia State fumbled and recovered itFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50K. Afrookhteh made a 30-yard field goalKicks · 89% expected for himFalse Start on Georgia State, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +9% GAST GAST: Punt
5 Q2 9:36 Coastal Carolina was stopped on 3rd & 63rd & 4th downs · 43% expectedCoastal Carolina converted 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 80% expectedCoastal Carolina was stopped on 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 32% expectedCoastal Carolina fumbled and recovered itFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +2% CCU CCU: Field goal
6 Q2 5:03 Coastal Carolina was stopped on 3rd & 203rd & 4th downs · 20% expectedHolding on Coastal Carolina, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +8% GAST CCU: Punt
7 Q2 3:41 False Start on Georgia State, 5 yardsPre-snap flagsFalse Start on Georgia State, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +2% CCU CCU: Field goal
8 Q3 9:39 Georgia State was stopped on 3rd & 113rd & 4th downs · 30% expectedP. Laforge made a 47-yard field goalKicks · 59% expected for him, 0 of 1 from 45+ beforeFalse Start on Georgia State, 5 yardsPre-snap flags +3% CCU GAST: Punt

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Georgia State 45% · Coastal Carolina 55%

Final margin
Coastal Carolina by 13
Luck in points
12.4 for Coastal Carolina
Luck-adjusted margin
Coastal Carolina by 0.6
Replay with same day's form
Georgia State 8% · Coastal Carolina 92% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 11 2025 games · Georgia State · Coastal Carolina

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