luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 14 2025 · November 29, 2025

Kennesaw State at Liberty, Week 14 2025: who deserved to win?

Kennesaw State beat Liberty 48–42, but the replays call it close to a coin flip: with the way both teams played, Kennesaw State wins 5 of 10.

Before kickoff Kennesaw State was a 56% favorite. The biggest swing (2OT): Kennesaw State’s two-point try failed, worth 22 points of win probability to Liberty.

Final (OT)

Kennesaw State Owls 48
Liberty Flames 42

November 29, 2025 · Williams Stadium (VA) · Closing line: Kennesaw State −2.5

Luck index +54 Kennesaw State lucky · −54 Liberty

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Kennesaw State wins 5, Liberty wins 5.

  1. 1 KENN 46 LIB 21
  2. 2 KENN 48 LIB 31
  3. 3 KENN 31 LIB 21
  4. 4 KENN 30 LIB 24
  5. 5 KENN 20 LIB 17
  6. 6 KENN 26 LIB 28
  7. 7 KENN 17 LIB 24
  8. 8 KENN 14 LIB 27
  9. 9 KENN 20 LIB 38
  10. 10 KENN 17 LIB 42

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Kennesaw State wins 46% of them, Liberty 54%, counting the 2% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Kennesaw State by 6.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Kennesaw State by 17+12.4%
Kennesaw State by 9–1613.0%
Kennesaw State by 1–820.4%
Level after regulation2.1%
Liberty by 1–821.1%
Liberty by 9–1616.1%
Liberty by 17+14.9%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +2.1 points to Liberty: the final margin was Kennesaw State by 6, without the luck Kennesaw State by 8.1. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

Penalties: Kennesaw State 7 for 49 yards, Liberty 6 for 62 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 8:30 False Start on Kennesaw State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% LIB +0.6 pts
Q1 7:12 False Start on Kennesaw State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% LIB +0.3 pts
Q1 4:50 Ineligible Downfield on Liberty, 5 yards +2% KENN +0.8 pts
Q1 2:48 Pass Interference on Kennesaw State, 15 yards +5% LIB +2.4 pts
Q2 8:45 Holding on Kennesaw State, 10 yards, wiping out the play +1% LIB +1.6 pts
Q2 6:47 Face Mask on Liberty, 6 yards +1% KENN +0.4 pts
Q2 0:08 Pass Interference on Kennesaw State, 4 yards +7% KENN +3.0 pts
Q3 15:00 Face Mask on Liberty, 15 yards +4% KENN +1.6 pts
Q3 15:00 False Start on Kennesaw State, 5 yards · pre-snap +6% LIB +0.6 pts
Q3 2:14 Pass Interference on Liberty, 11 yards +3% KENN +0.8 pts
Q3 2:09 Illegal Shift on Kennesaw State, 5 yards, wiping out the play · pre-snap +18% LIB +4.7 pts
Q4 13:32 Holding on Liberty, 10 yards +6% KENN +1.8 pts
Q4 9:57 Face Mask on Liberty, 15 yards +8% KENN +1.6 pts

When it happened

Liberty’s chance of winning

As low as 0% and as high as 73%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Liberty was ahead in it, below while Kennesaw State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q2 0:08 Pass Interference on Kennesaw State, 4 yardsJudgment calls +7% KENN LIB: Touchdown
2 Q3 12:55 Kennesaw State converted 3rd & 113rd & 4th downs · 29% expected +10% KENN KENN: Punt
3 Q3 2:09 Illegal Shift on Kennesaw State, 5 yards, wiping out the playPre-snap flags +18% LIB LIB: Touchdown
4 Q4 13:32 Holding on Liberty, 10 yardsJudgment calls +6% KENN KENN: Touchdown
5 Q4 10:43 Liberty was stopped on 3rd & 33rd & 4th downs · 57% expected +7% KENN LIB: Punt
6 Q4 9:57 Face Mask on Liberty, 15 yardsJudgment calls +8% KENN KENN: Touchdown
7 Q4 2:20 Kennesaw State was stopped on 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 31% expected +7% LIB KENN: Punt
8 2OT Kennesaw State’s two-point try failed3rd & 4th downs · 46% expected +22% LIB –

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Kennesaw State 85% · Liberty 15%

Final margin
Kennesaw State by 6
Luck in points
2.1 for Liberty
Luck-adjusted margin
Kennesaw State by 8.1
Replay with same day's form
Kennesaw State 46% · Liberty 54% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here.

Methodology and validation · All Week 14 2025 games · Kennesaw State · Liberty

More from Week 14 2025

Every week 14 game, 2025