luckadjusted
CFB Week 4 · 2026

Week 8 2025 · October 18, 2025

Part of this game's play-by-play is missing from the source: the plays on file account for 67 of the 77 points, so the replay rests on the plays there are.

Texas State at Marshall, Week 8 2025: who deserved to win?

Marshall beat Texas State 40–37, and the replays lean its way: with the same day's form, it wins 7 of 10.

Before kickoff Texas State was a 58% favorite. The biggest swing (Q4, 1:14 left): Marshall’s two-point try was good, worth 14 points of win probability to Marshall.

Final (OT)

Texas State Bobcats 37
Marshall Thundering Herd 40

October 18, 2025 · Joan C. Edwards Stadium · Closing line: Texas State −3

Luck index +29 Marshall lucky · −29 Texas State

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Texas State wins 3, Marshall wins 7.

  1. 1 TXST 38 MRSH 19
  2. 2 TXST 35 MRSH 27
  3. 3 TXST 24 MRSH 21
  4. 4 TXST 28 MRSH 31
  5. 5 TXST 14 MRSH 20
  6. 6 TXST 14 MRSH 23
  7. 7 TXST 3 MRSH 17
  8. 8 TXST 14 MRSH 31
  9. 9 TXST 9 MRSH 33
  10. 10 TXST 10 MRSH 44

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

Texas State wins 29% of them, Marshall 71%, counting the 3% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Marshall by 3.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Texas State by 17+5.9%
Texas State by 9–167.8%
Texas State by 1–814.9%
Level after regulation3.1%
Marshall by 1–820.2%
Marshall by 9–1618.8%
Marshall by 17+29.3%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +5.1 points to Marshall: the final margin was Marshall by 3, without the luck Texas State by 2.1. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance), and what happened.

  • L. Quinn, 24 yds made · 91% expected
  • T. Robles, 23 yds made · 93% expected
  • L. Quinn, 31 yds made · 85% expected
  • L. Quinn, 23 yds made · 92% expected
  • T. Robles, 50 yds made · 55% expected
  • T. Robles, 29 yds made · 89% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Texas State 9 for 65 yards, Marshall 4 for 50 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 12:06 Holding on Texas State, 10 yards +2% MRSH +1.0 pts
Q1 7:30 Personal Foul on Marshall, 15 yards +2% TXST +0.9 pts
Q1 7:27 Unnecessary Roughness on Marshall, 15 yards +3% TXST +1.6 pts
Q1 2:29 Unnecessary Roughness on Texas State, 15 yards +3% MRSH +1.2 pts
Q1 2:17 Offside on Texas State, 5 yards · pre-snap 0% MRSH 0.0 pts
Q1 2:16 Offside on Texas State, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% MRSH +0.8 pts
Q2 6:24 Holding on Texas State, 10 yards +3% MRSH +1.3 pts
Q2 4:42 Holding on Marshall, 10 yards +2% TXST +0.6 pts
Q3 8:01 False Start on Texas State, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% MRSH +0.8 pts
Q4 14:30 Holding on Marshall, 10 yards, wiping out the play +5% TXST +2.0 pts
Q4 7:07 Offside on Texas State, 5 yards · pre-snap +2% MRSH +0.5 pts
Q4 3:04 False Start on Texas State, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% MRSH +0.3 pts
Q4 2:03 Offside on Texas State, 5 yards · pre-snap +3% MRSH +0.5 pts

When it happened

Marshall’s chance of winning

As low as 7% and as high as 100%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

Our in-game win probability: the score, the value of the possession and the time left, starting from the betting line. Overtime has no clock and is drawn at a fixed width. Shaded above the middle while Marshall was ahead in it, below while Texas State was.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q1 8:45 Texas State converted 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 29% expected +6% TXST TXST: Turnover on downs
2 Q1 5:06 Texas State was stopped on 4th & 33rd & 4th downs · 55% expected +6% MRSH TXST: Punt
3 Q3 8:57 Marshall was stopped on 4th & 23rd & 4th downs · 53% expected +6% TXST MRSH: Field goal
4 Q4 14:45 Texas State converted 3rd & 83rd & 4th downs · 32% expected +9% TXST TXST: Turnover
5 Q4 14:30 Holding on Marshall, 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +5% TXST TXST: Turnover
6 Q4 8:53 Texas State fumbled and Marshall recoveredFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +5% MRSH TXST: Punt
7 Q4 1:14 Marshall’s two-point try was good3rd & 4th downs · 46% expected +14% MRSH –
8 2OT T. Robles made a 29-yard field goalKicks · 89% expected for him +10% MRSH –

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Texas State 59% · Marshall 41%

Final margin
Marshall by 3
Luck in points
5.1 for Marshall
Luck-adjusted margin
Texas State by 2.1
Replay with same day's form
Texas State 29% · Marshall 71% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and expected points from CollegeFootballData.com via cfbfastR; win probability from our own model of the score, the possession and the betting line; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record. College play-by-play has no charting of drops or interception-worthy throws and no injury reports, so those kinds of luck aren’t counted here. Part of this game's play-by-play is missing from the source: the plays on file account for 67 of the 77 points, so the replay rests on the plays there are.

Methodology and validation · All Week 8 2025 games · Texas State · Marshall

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