luckadjusted
NFL Week 9 · 2026

Week 11 2025 · November 16, 2025

Panthers at Falcons, Week 11 2025: who deserved to win?

The Panthers beat the Falcons 30–27, and the replays lean their way: with the same day's form, they win 8 of 10. The Falcons had the bounces: kicks alone were worth 19 points of win probability to the Falcons.

An off day for the Falcons: they played far below what the matchup promised. In a fresh game against the Panthers they would win 61% of the time; with this day’s form, 22%. The numbers

Before kickoff the Falcons were 63% favorites. The biggest swing (Q4, 0:21 left): Z. Gonzalez made a 45-yard field goal, worth 18 points of win probability to the Falcons.

Final (OT)

Carolina Panthers 30
Atlanta Falcons 27

November 16, 2025 · Mercedes-Benz Stadium · Closing line: Falcons −4.5

Luck index +22 Panthers about even · −22 Falcons

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. Panthers win 8, Falcons win 2.

  1. 1 CAR 48 ATL 20
  2. 2 CAR 27 ATL 6
  3. 3 CAR 33 ATL 17
  4. 4 CAR 37 ATL 24
  5. 5 CAR 33 ATL 23
  6. 6 CAR 24 ATL 17
  7. 7 CAR 20 ATL 16
  8. 8 CAR 15 ATL 13
  9. 9 CAR 28 ATL 33
  10. 10 CAR 13 ATL 28

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, drop, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

An off day for the Falcons

They played far below what the matchup promised. In a fresh game against the Panthers they would win 61% of the time; with this day’s form, 22%.

39 points apart for the Falcons: the gap is how differently this game went from what the two teams usually are.

UnitThis gameUsual levelBetter or worse than usual
Panthers offenseEPA per play gained +0.13 +0.07 better by 0.06
Panthers defenseEPA per play allowed +0.13 +0.16 better by 0.04
Falcons offenseEPA per play gained +0.13 +0.11 better by 0.01
Falcons defenseEPA per play allowed +0.13 +0.12 worse by 0.01

EPA (expected points added) per play on competitive snaps, turnovers left out because they are valued as luck. Usual level: the team’s earlier games this season plus half of last season, pulled toward the league average. One team’s defense and the other team’s offense are the same snaps, so one game can’t fully say whose day it was; it shows how far this one was from both teams’ norms.

How 4,000 replays ended

Panthers win 78% of them, Falcons 22%, counting the 2% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Panthers by 3.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
Panthers by 17+33.2%
Panthers by 9–1621.2%
Panthers by 1–823.3%
Level after regulation1.8%
Falcons by 1–811.9%
Falcons by 9–166.1%
Falcons by 17+2.5%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +3.1 points to the Falcons: the final margin was Panthers by 3, without the luck Panthers by 6.1. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance and the weather), and what happened.

  • R. Fitzgerald, 29 yds made · 97% expected
  • R. Fitzgerald, 34 yds made · 95% expected
  • Z. Gonzalez, 52 yds made · 70% expected
  • Z. Gonzalez, 45 yds made · 82% expected
  • R. Fitzgerald, 28 yds made · 97% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: Panthers 8 for 49 yards, Falcons 6 for 44 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count half toward luck; pre-snap fouls, which repeat, don’t count. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 14:55 Offensive Holding on the Falcons, 10 yards +3% CAR +1.4 pts
Q1 5:57 Defensive Offside on the Falcons (James Pearce), 5 yards · pre-snap 0% ATL +0.4 pts
Q2 12:13 Defensive Holding on the Panthers (Bobby Brown), 5 yards +2% ATL +0.9 pts
Q2 10:59 Offensive Holding on the Falcons (Kyle Pitts), 10 yards +5% CAR +1.7 pts
Q2 7:52 Offensive Holding on the Panthers, 10 yards +3% ATL +1.4 pts
Q2 7:18 False Start on the Panthers (Xavier Legette), 5 yards · pre-snap +1% ATL +0.5 pts
Q2 3:16 False Start on the Falcons, 5 yards · pre-snap +4% CAR +0.8 pts
Q2 2:09 Illegal Use of Hands on the Panthers (Tre'von Moehrig), 5 yards +1% ATL +0.4 pts
Q2 1:52 Defensive Holding on the Panthers (Jaycee Horn), 1 yard 0% ATL +0.2 pts
Q3 11:24 Offensive Holding on the Panthers (Jalen Coker), 10 yards +7% ATL +1.5 pts
Q3 5:56 Offensive Holding on the Falcons, 9 yards +4% CAR +1.7 pts
Q3 5:20 Neutral Zone Infraction on the Panthers (Israel Mukuamu), 5 yards · pre-snap +1% ATL +0.5 pts
Q4 9:05 Defensive Pass Interference on the Panthers (Jaycee Horn), 8 yards +5% ATL +1.7 pts
OT 9:28 Ineligible Downfield Pass on the Falcons, 5 yards, wiping out the play +14% CAR +1.7 pts

Panthers penalties, every game · Falcons penalties, every game · All teams, 2025

When it happened

Falcons’ chance of winning

As low as 0% and as high as 87%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

nflfastR’s in-game win probability. It ignores the betting line, so it starts near even. Shaded above the middle while the Falcons were ahead in it, below while the Panthers were.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q3 8:15 The Panthers were stopped on 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 69% expected +11% ATL CAR: Field goal
2 Q4 3:05 The Panthers were stopped on 4th & 13rd & 4th downs · 76% expected +16% ATL CAR: Touchdown
3 Q4 1:54 The Panthers converted 4th & 43rd & 4th downs · 48% expected +10% CAR CAR: Touchdown
4 Q4 1:15 The Panthers converted 3rd & 123rd & 4th downs · 26% expected +15% CAR CAR: Touchdown
5 Q4 0:26 The Falcons were stopped on 3rd & 43rd & 4th downs · 49% expected +15% CAR ATL: Field goal
6 Q4 0:21 Z. Gonzalez made a 45-yard field goalKicks · 82% expected for him, 29 of 40 from 45+ before +18% ATL ATL: Punt
7 OT 9:28 Ineligible Downfield Pass on the Falcons, 5 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls +14% CAR CAR: Field goal
8 OT 9:06 K. Pitts dropped a catchable passDrops · 7 drops on 196 catchable balls before this +10% CAR ATL: Punt

Missing players

Key players (usually on the field for half the snaps or more) who missed this game or part of it, valued by position and quality. The same players are missing in every replay, so this counts as luck in points only.

  • Leonard Floyd (ATL DE), out · 0.6 pts
  • Matthew Bergeron (ATL OL), out · 0.5 pts
  • Divine Deablo (ATL LB), out (IR) · 0.5 pts
  • Mike Hughes (ATL CB), out · 0.4 pts
  • Zach Harrison (ATL DL), out · 0.2 pts
  • Brady Christensen (CAR OL), out (IR) · 0.3 pts
  • Trevin Wallace (CAR LB), out · 0.2 pts
  • Patrick Jones II (CAR LB), out (IR) · 0.1 pts

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

Panthers 88% · Falcons 12%

Final margin
Panthers by 3
Luck in points
3.1 for the Falcons
Luck-adjusted margin
Panthers by 6.1
Replay with same day's form
Panthers 78% · Falcons 22% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

None by default: our tests measured no carryover after a lucky break. Slide it up to count a break for more than its own swing. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and win probability from nflfastR via nflverse; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record; drops and interception-worthy throws from FTN charting; injuries from snap counts and injury reports.

Methodology and validation · All Week 11 2025 games · Panthers · Falcons

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