luckadjusted

Referee calls · 2019–2026

Do refs favor the Bills?

No more than most teams. Judgment calls have been worth −0.61 points a game to the Bills since 2019, 28th of 32 teams. In the playoffs: −1.39 points a game over 15 games, a small sample that swings on a handful of flags.

Call luck, season by season

Points per regular-season game from judgment calls: the calls that helped the Bills minus the calls that hurt them.

SeasonGamesPoints per gameLeague rankFlags againstFlags forPlayoffs, pts per game
20262+2.98 5th1411 –
202517−0.19 20th7256 −3.53 (2)
202417−0.37 25th6674 −0.36 (3)
202317−1.13 29th7055 −0.30 (2)
202216+0.02 14th5856 −2.94 (2)
202117−2.22 32nd8165 −2.79 (2)
202016−0.91 25th6553 +2.03 (3)
201916+0.20 17th6958 −6.76 (1)

Biggest calls for the Bills

  1. Offensive Pass Interference on the Patriots (Julian Edelman), 10 yards, wiping out the play · 2019 Week 16 · 21 pts of win probability
  2. Defensive Pass Interference on the Rams, 10 yards · 2020 Week 3 · 20 pts of win probability
  3. Offensive Pass Interference on the Chiefs (Travis Kelce), 10 yards, wiping out the play · 2022 Week 6 · 19 pts of win probability
  4. Defensive Pass Interference on the Ravens (Marlon Humphrey), 26 yards · 2019 Week 14 · 18 pts of win probability
  5. Roughing the Kicker on the Dolphins (Zach Sieler), 15 yards · 2025 Week 3 · 18 pts of win probability

Biggest calls against

  1. Offensive Holding on the Bills, 10 yards, wiping out the play · 2022 Week 9 · 40 pts of win probability
  2. Defensive Pass Interference on the Bills (Tre'Davious White), 30 yards · 2025 Divisional round · 36 pts of win probability
  3. Offensive Pass Interference on the Bills (Stefon Diggs), 10 yards, wiping out the play · 2023 Week 1 · 30 pts of win probability
  4. Defensive Pass Interference on the Bills (Taron Johnson), 28 yards · 2023 Week 10 · 29 pts of win probability
  5. Offensive Holding on the Bills, 10 yards, wiping out the play · 2025 Week 15 · 26 pts of win probability

Questions

Do refs favor the Bills?

No more than most teams. Judgment calls have been worth −0.61 points a game to the Bills since 2019, 28th of 32 teams.

What about the playoffs?

In the playoffs: −1.39 points a game over 15 games, a small sample that swings on a handful of flags.

How is this measured?

Every flag that isn’t a pre-snap foul (holding, pass interference, roughing, unnecessary roughness and the like) is valued in expected points for the team it helped, including any play it wiped out. A flag on a player who is rarely flagged counts more (up to twice), one on a frequent offender less. A team’s call luck is the calls that helped it minus the calls that hurt it. It says how the calls went, not why: teams that throw deep draw more pass interference, for example.

Is it more than chance?

Mostly not. A team’s call luck in odd weeks barely predicts its call luck in even weeks (correlation 0.06 across all teams since 2019), which is what chance looks like. Over 32 teams, a few will always sit at the top of this list.

All teams, 2026 · Referee crews · Buffalo Bills, every season